Reference record for OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.68



parent
1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1 (cpqDaPhyDrvEntry)
node code
68
node name
cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess
dot oid
1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.68
type
OBJECT-TYPE
asn1 oid
  • {iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) private(4) enterprise(1) compaq(232) cpqDriveArray(3) cpqDaComponent(2) cpqDaPhyDrv(5) cpqDaPhyDrvTable(1) cpqDaPhyDrvEntry(1) cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess(68)}
  • {iso(1) identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) private(4) enterprise(1) hp(232) cpqDriveArray(3) cpqDaComponent(2) cpqDaPhyDrv(5) cpqDaPhyDrvTable(1) cpqDaPhyDrvEntry(1) cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess(68)}
  • ...skipped...
  • {iso(1) org(3) dod(6) internet(1) private(4) enterprise(1) compaq(232) cpqDriveArray(3) cpqDaComponent(2) cpqDaPhyDrv(5) cpqDaPhyDrvTable(1) cpqDaPhyDrvEntry(1) cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess(68)}
  • {iso(1) org(3) dod(6) internet(1) private(4) enterprise(1) hp(232) cpqDriveArray(3) cpqDaComponent(2) cpqDaPhyDrv(5) cpqDaPhyDrvTable(1) cpqDaPhyDrvEntry(1) cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess(68)}
  • {iso(1) org(3) dod(6) internet(1) private(4) enterprises(1) compaq(232) cpqDriveArray(3) cpqDaComponent(2) cpqDaPhyDrv(5) cpqDaPhyDrvTable(1) cpqDaPhyDrvEntry(1) cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess(68)}
  • {iso(1) org(3) dod(6) internet(1) private(4) enterprises(1) hp(232) cpqDriveArray(3) cpqDaComponent(2) cpqDaPhyDrv(5) cpqDaPhyDrvTable(1) cpqDaPhyDrvEntry(1) cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess(68)}
  • ...skipped...
  • {iso(1) iso-identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) private(4) enterprises(1) compaq(232) cpqDriveArray(3) cpqDaComponent(2) cpqDaPhyDrv(5) cpqDaPhyDrvTable(1) cpqDaPhyDrvEntry(1) cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess(68)}
  • {iso(1) iso-identified-organization(3) dod(6) internet(1) private(4) enterprises(1) hp(232) cpqDriveArray(3) cpqDaComponent(2) cpqDaPhyDrv(5) cpqDaPhyDrvTable(1) cpqDaPhyDrvEntry(1) cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess(68)}
  • iri oid
  • /iso/identified-organization/dod/internet/private/enterprise/compaq/cpqDriveArray/cpqDaComponent/cpqDaPhyDrv/cpqDaPhyDrvTable/cpqDaPhyDrvEntry/cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess
  • /iso/identified-organization/dod/internet/private/enterprise/hp/cpqDriveArray/cpqDaComponent/cpqDaPhyDrv/cpqDaPhyDrvTable/cpqDaPhyDrvEntry/cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess
  • ...skipped...
  • /iso/org/dod/internet/private/enterprise/compaq/cpqDriveArray/cpqDaComponent/cpqDaPhyDrv/cpqDaPhyDrvTable/cpqDaPhyDrvEntry/cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess
  • /iso/org/dod/internet/private/enterprise/hp/cpqDriveArray/cpqDaComponent/cpqDaPhyDrv/cpqDaPhyDrvTable/cpqDaPhyDrvEntry/cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess
  • /iso/org/dod/internet/private/enterprises/compaq/cpqDriveArray/cpqDaComponent/cpqDaPhyDrv/cpqDaPhyDrvTable/cpqDaPhyDrvEntry/cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess
  • /iso/org/dod/internet/private/enterprises/hp/cpqDriveArray/cpqDaComponent/cpqDaPhyDrv/cpqDaPhyDrvTable/cpqDaPhyDrvEntry/cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess
  • ...skipped...
  • /iso/iso-identified-organization/dod/internet/private/enterprises/compaq/cpqDriveArray/cpqDaComponent/cpqDaPhyDrv/cpqDaPhyDrvTable/cpqDaPhyDrvEntry/cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess
  • /iso/iso-identified-organization/dod/internet/private/enterprises/hp/cpqDriveArray/cpqDaComponent/cpqDaPhyDrv/cpqDaPhyDrvTable/cpqDaPhyDrvEntry/cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess
  • iri by oid_info
    /ISO/Identified-Organization/6/1/4/1/232/3/2/5/1/1/68

    Description by mibdepot

    Drive Array Physical Drive Multi-path Access Status.

    This indicates if this physical drive has been configured to have
    and currently still has more than one I/O path to the controller.
    The following values are valid:

    Other (1)
    Indicates that the instrument agent can not determine if this
    physical drive has multi-path access.

    Not Supported (2)
    Indicates that multi-path access to this physical drive is not
    supported.

    Not Configured (3)
    Indicates that the physical drive is not configured to have
    multi-path access.

    Path Redundant (4)
    Indicates that the physical drive currently has more than one
    I/O path to the controller.

    No Redundant Path (5)
    Indicates that the physical drive previously had more than one
    I/O path to the controller, but now has no redundant I/O path.

    Drive Failed (6)
    Indicates that the physical drive has failed.

    Parsed from file CPQIDA2.MIB.txt
    Company: None
    Module: CPQIDA-MIB

    Description by circitor

    Drive Array Physical Drive Multi-path Access Status.

    This indicates if this physical drive has been configured to have
    and currently still has more than one I/O path to the controller.
    The following values are valid:

    Other (1)
    Indicates that the instrument agent can not determine if this
    physical drive has multi-path access.

    Not Supported (2)
    Indicates that multi-path access to this physical drive is not
    supported.

    Not Configured (3)
    Indicates that the physical drive is not configured to have
    multi-path access.

    Path Redundant (4)
    Indicates that the physical drive currently has more than one
    I/O path to the controller.

    No Redundant Path (5)
    Indicates that the physical drive previously had more than one
    I/O path to the controller, but now has no redundant I/O path.

    Drive Failed (6)
    Indicates that the physical drive has failed.

    Parsed from file CPQIDA-MIB.mib
    Module: CPQIDA-MIB

    Information by mibdepot

    cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX INTEGER { other(1), notSupported(2), notConfigured(3), pathRedundant(4), noRedundantPath(5), driveFailed(6) } ACCESS read-only STATUS mandatory DESCRIPTION "Drive Array Physical Drive Multi-path Access Status. This indicates if this physical drive has been configured to have and currently still has more than one I/O path to the controller. The following values are valid: Other (1) Indicates that the instrument agent can not determine if this physical drive has multi-path access. Not Supported (2) Indicates that multi-path access to this physical drive is not supported. Not Configured (3) Indicates that the physical drive is not configured to have multi-path access. Path Redundant (4) Indicates that the physical drive currently has more than one I/O path to the controller. No Redundant Path (5) Indicates that the physical drive previously had more than one I/O path to the controller, but now has no redundant I/O path. Drive Failed (6) Indicates that the physical drive has failed." ::= { cpqDaPhyDrvEntry 68 }

    Information by oid_info

    Vendor: Compaq
    Module: CPQIDA-MIB

    [Automatically extracted from oidview.com]

    Information by circitor

    cpqDaPhyDrvMultipathAccess OBJECT-TYPE SYNTAX INTEGER { other(1), notSupported(2), notConfigured(3), pathRedundant(4), noRedundantPath(5), driveFailed(6) } ACCESS read-only STATUS mandatory DESCRIPTION "Drive Array Physical Drive Multi-path Access Status. This indicates if this physical drive has been configured to have and currently still has more than one I/O path to the controller. The following values are valid: Other (1) Indicates that the instrument agent can not determine if this physical drive has multi-path access. Not Supported (2) Indicates that multi-path access to this physical drive is not supported. Not Configured (3) Indicates that the physical drive is not configured to have multi-path access. Path Redundant (4) Indicates that the physical drive currently has more than one I/O path to the controller. No Redundant Path (5) Indicates that the physical drive previously had more than one I/O path to the controller, but now has no redundant I/O path. Drive Failed (6) Indicates that the physical drive has failed." ::= { cpqDaPhyDrvEntry 68 }

    Brothers (68)

    OIDNameSub childrenSub Nodes TotalDescription
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.1 cpqDaPhyDrvCntlrIndex 0 0 Drive Array Physical Drive Controller Index.

    This index maps the physical drive back to the controller to
    which it is attached. T…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.2 cpqDaPhyDrvIndex 0 0 Drive Array Physical Drive Index.

    This index is used for selecting the physical drive table entry.
    This number, along with the cp…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.3 cpqDaPhyDrvModel 0 0 Physical Drive Model.

    This is a text description of the physical drive. The text that
    appears depends upon who manufactured the …
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.4 cpqDaPhyDrvFWRev 0 0 Physical Drive Firmware Revision.

    This shows the physical drive revision number.

    If the firmware revision is not present, you hav…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.5 cpqDaPhyDrvBay 0 0 Physical Drive Bay Location.

    This value matches the bay location where the physical drive has
    been installed. Each bay is labele…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.6 cpqDaPhyDrvStatus 0 0 Physical Drive Status.

    This shows the status of the physical drive.

    The following values are valid for the physical drive status:…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.7 cpqDaPhyDrvFactReallocs 0 0 This shows the number of spare sectors available for
    remapping at the time the physical drive was shipped.
    The physical drive wil…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.8 cpqDaPhyDrvUsedReallocs 0 0 Physical Drive Used Reallocated Sectors.

    This shows the number of sectors of the reallocation area that
    have been used by the phy…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.9 cpqDaPhyDrvRefHours 0 0 Reference Time in hours.

    This shows the total number of hours that a physical drive has
    been spinning since the drive was stamped…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.10 cpqDaPhyDrvHReads 0 0 Sectors Read (high).

    The phyDrvHReads and the phyDrvReads together shows the total
    number of sectors read from the physical disk …
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.11 cpqDaPhyDrvReads 0 0 Sectors Read (low).

    The phyDrvHReads and the phyDrvReads together shows
    the total number of sectors read from the physical disk d…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.12 cpqDaPhyDrvHWrites 0 0 Sectors Written (high).

    The phyDrvHWrites and the phyDrvWrites together shows the
    total number of sectors written to the physical…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.13 cpqDaPhyDrvWrites 0 0 Sectors Written (low).

    The phyDrvHWrites and the phyDrvWrites together
    shows the total number of sectors written to the physical
    d…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.14 cpqDaPhyDrvHSeeks 0 0 Total Seeks (high).

    The phyDrvHSeeks and the phyDrvSeeks together shows the total
    number of seek operations performed by the phys…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.15 cpqDaPhyDrvSeeks 0 0 Total Seeks (low).

    The phyDrvHSeeks and the phyDrvSeeks together shows the total
    number of seek operations performed by the physi…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.16 cpqDaPhyDrvHardReadErrs 0 0 Hard Read Errors.

    This shows the number of read errors that have occurred on a
    drive that could not be recovered by a physical dr…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.17 cpqDaPhyDrvRecvReadErrs 0 0 Recovered Read Errors.

    This shows the number of read errors corrected through physical
    drive retries during the reference time (p…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.18 cpqDaPhyDrvHardWriteErrs 0 0 Hard Write Errors.

    This shows the number of write errors that could not be recovered
    by a physical drive during the reference tim…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.19 cpqDaPhyDrvRecvWriteErrs 0 0 Recovered Write Errors.

    This shows the number of write errors corrected through physical
    drive retries or recovered by a physical…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.20 cpqDaPhyDrvHSeekErrs 0 0 Seek Errors (High).

    The phyDrvHSeekErrs and the phyDrvSeekErrs together shows the
    total number of times that the physical disk dr…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.21 cpqDaPhyDrvSeekErrs 0 0 Seek Errors (low).
    The phyDrvHSeekErrs and the phyDrvSeekErrs together shows the
    total number of times that the physical disk dri…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.22 cpqDaPhyDrvSpinupTime 0 0 Spin up Time in tenths of seconds.

    This is the time it takes for a physical drive to spin up to full
    speed.

    Disks require time to …
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.23 cpqDaPhyDrvFunctTest1 0 0 Functional Test 1.

    This provides information about a series of tests that indicate
    how well a physical drive works. These tests c…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.24 cpqDaPhyDrvFunctTest2 0 0 Functional Test 2.

    This provides information about a series of tests that indicate
    how well a physical drive works. These tests c…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.25 cpqDaPhyDrvFunctTest3 0 0 Functional Test 3.

    This provides information about a series of tests that indicate
    how well a physical drive works. These tests c…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.26 cpqDaPhyDrvDrqTimeouts 0 0 DRQ Timeouts.

    The number of times that a physical drive continued to request
    data, but did not get a command completion during t…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.27 cpqDaPhyDrvOtherTimeouts 0 0 Other Timeouts.

    The number of times that a physical drive did not respond with an
    interrupt within a controller-defined period of…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.28 cpqDaPhyDrvSpinupRetries 0 0 Spin up Retries.

    The number of times that a physical drive had to retry to spin up
    before successfully achieving operating speed …
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.29 cpqDaPhyDrvBadRecvReads 0 0 Recovery Failed (Bad) Read Error.

    The number of times a read error occurred while performing
    Automatic Data Recovery from this ph…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.30 cpqDaPhyDrvBadRecvWrites 0 0 Recovery Failed (Bad) Write Error.

    The number of times a write error occurred while performing
    Automatic Data Recovery from anoth…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.31 cpqDaPhyDrvFormatErrs 0 0 Format Error.

    The number of times a format operation failed when the controller
    attempted to remap a bad sector during the refere…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.32 cpqDaPhyDrvPostErrs 0 0 Power On Self Test (Post) Error.

    The number of times that a physical drive failed its self test
    during the reference time (phyDrv…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.33 cpqDaPhyDrvNotReadyErrs 0 0 Drive Not Ready Errors.

    The number of times the physical drive failed after the spin up
    command was issued during the reference t…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.34 cpqDaPhyDrvReallocAborts 0 0 Physical Drive Reallocation Aborts.

    The number of times the physical drive has failed due to an error
    that occurred when the cont…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.35 cpqDaPhyDrvThreshPassed 0 0 Physical Drive Factory Threshold Passed (Exceeded).

    When the drive is shipped, certain thresholds have been set to
    monitor perfor…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.36 cpqDaPhyDrvHasMonInfo 0 0 Physical Drive Has Monitor Information.

    All of the physical disk table fields except for the physical
    disk status (phyDrvStatus) …
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.37 cpqDaPhyDrvCondition 0 0 The condition of the device.
    This value represents the overall condition of this physical
    drive.
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.38 cpqDaPhyDrvHotPlugs 0 0 Physical Drive Hot Plug Count.

    This value indicates the number of times this physical drive
    was hot-plugged (removed) from a ProL…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.39 cpqDaPhyDrvMediaErrs 0 0 Physical Drive Media Failure Count.

    This value indicates the number of times this physical drive
    was failed due to unrecoverable …
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.40 cpqDaPhyDrvHardwareErrs 0 0 Physical Drive Hardware Error Count.

    This value indicates the number of times this physical drive
    returned a bad hardware status.…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.41 cpqDaPhyDrvAbortedCmds 0 0 Physical Drive Aborted Command Failures.

    This value indicates the number of times this physical drive
    was failed due to aborted c…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.42 cpqDaPhyDrvSpinUpErrs 0 0 Physical Drive Spin-Up Failure Count.

    This value indicates the number of times this physical drive
    was failed due to a failure of…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.43 cpqDaPhyDrvBadTargetErrs 0 0 Physical Drive Bad Target Count.

    This value indicates the number of times this physical drive
    performed some action that did not …
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.44 cpqDaPhyDrvLocation 0 0 Drive Physical Location.

    This is the physical location of where the drive is located.
    The following values are defined:

    other(1)
    Th…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.45 cpqDaPhyDrvSize 0 0 Physical Drive Size in MB.

    This is the size of the physical drive in megabytes. This value
    is calculated using the value 1,048,5…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.46 cpqDaPhyDrvBusFaults 0 0 Physical Drive Bus Fault Count.

    This value indicates the number of times that a bus fault was
    detected for the drive by the contr…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.47 cpqDaPhyDrvIrqDeglitches 0 0 Physical Drive IRQ Deglitch Count.

    This is not supported by the IDA, IDA Expansion, or IDA-2
    controllers.
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.48 cpqDaPhyDrvHotPlug 0 0 Physical Drive Hot Plug Support Status.

    The following values are defined:

    other(1)
    The Insight Agent is unable to determine if thi…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.49 cpqDaPhyDrvPlacement 0 0 Physical Drive Placement.

    The following values are defined:

    other(1)
    The agent is unable to determine if the drive is internal or
    e…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.50 cpqDaPhyDrvBusNumber 0 0 Physical Drive SCSI Bus Number.

    The bus number indicates to which SCSI bus this physical
    drive is attached. The first instance i…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.51 cpqDaPhyDrvSerialNum 0 0 Physical Drive Serial Number.

    This is the serial number assigned to the physical drive.
    This value is based upon the serial numbe…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.52 cpqDaPhyDrvPreFailMonitoring 0 0 Drive Array Physical Drive Predictive Failure Monitoring.

    The following values are defined:

    other(1)
    The agent is unable to determ…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.53 cpqDaPhyDrvCurrentWidth 0 0 Drive Array Physical Drive Current Width.

    The following values are defined:

    other(1)
    The agent is unable to determine the current …
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.54 cpqDaPhyDrvCurrentSpeed 0 0 Drive Array Physical Drive Current Data Transfer Speed.

    The following values are defined:

    other(1)
    The agent is unable to determin…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.55 cpqDaPhyDrvFailureCode 0 0 Drive Array Physical Drive Failure Code.

    This value is the drive failure reason code returned by the
    array firmware. It is valid…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.56 cpqDaPhyDrvBlinkTime 0 0 Physical Drive Blink Time Count.

    This value indicates the amount of time, in tenths of a second,
    that the physical drive LEDs wil…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.57 cpqDaPhyDrvSmartStatus 0 0 Physical Drive S.M.A.R.T Status.

    The following values are defined:

    other(1)
    The agent is unable to determine if the status of S.M.…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.58 cpqDaPhyDrvConfigurationStatus 0 0 Physical Drive Configuration Status.

    The following values are defined:

    other(1)
    The agent is unable to determine the configuration…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.59 cpqDaPhyDrvRotationalSpeed 0 0 Drive Array Physical Drive Rotational Speed.

    The following values are defined:

    other(1)
    The agent is unable to determine the rotat…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.60 cpqDaPhyDrvType 0 0 Physical Drive Type.

    The following values are defined:

    other(1)
    The agent is unable to determine the type for this drive.

    parallelS…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.61 cpqDaPhyDrvSataVersion 0 0 Physical Drive SATA Version.

    The following values are defined:

    other(1)
    The agent is unable to determine the SATA version for this…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.62 cpqDaPhyDrvHostConnector 0 0 Physical Drive Host Connector.

    This is the host connector to which the drive is ultimately
    attached. If the host connector canno…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.63 cpqDaPhyDrvBoxOnConnector 0 0 Physical Drive Box on Connector.

    The box on connector indicates to which box instance this
    physical drive belongs. The instances…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.64 cpqDaPhyDrvLocationString 0 0 Physical Drive Location String.

    This string describes the location of the drive in relation to
    the controller. If the location s…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.65 cpqDaPhyDrvNegotiatedLinkRate 0 0 Drive Array Physical Drive Negotiated Link Rate.

    The following values are defined:

    other(1)
    The agent is unable to determine the n…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.66 cpqDaPhyDrvNcqSupport 0 0 Drive Array Physical Drive Native Command Queueing.

    The following values are defined:

    other(1)
    The agent is unable to determine th…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.67 cpqDaPhyDrvPhyCount 0 0 Drive Array Physical Drive PHY Count.

    This value indicates how many PHYs exist on SAS/SATA disk. For
    parallel SCSI disks, this v…
    1.3.6.1.4.1.232.3.2.5.1.1.69 cpqDaPhyDrvMediaType 0 0 Physical Drive Media Type.

    The following values are defined:

    other(1)
    The instrument agent is unable to determine the physical dri…